Detecting Heavy metals by photometric measurement

Experiment 1: Production of an acidic solution by contact of water with pyrite

Material:

  • Beaker
  • Glass rod or spoon
  • Pyrite pebbles
  • Distilled water

For the following experiment, we will first prepare an acidic water sample. To do this, we proceed as in the experiment “Acid Rock Drainage.” We will now prepare a larger amount of sulfuric acid water.

  • Pour 50 ml of distilled water into a beaker.
  • Then add some pyrite stones into the beaker so that the bottom is covered, and stir.
  • Now wait 10-15 minutes, stirring occasionally.

Versuch 2: Dissolving Copper Ions from Malachite

Material:

  • Beaker
  • Glass rod
  • Malachite (quartz)
  • Water from Experiment 1
  • The solution from Attempt 1 is brought into contact with some pieces of malachite in a beaker.
  • To do this, pour the solution over the stones.
  • After 10 minutes, you can use the water for Attempt 3.

Experiment 3: Determination of Heavy Metal Content Using a Photometer and a Calibration Curve

Material:

  • Beaker
  • 2 test tubes with screw caps
  • Test tube rack
  • Colorimeter
  • Glass rod or spoon
  • Pyrite pebbles
  • Malachite (quartz)
  • Test reagents
  • Copper indicator
  • Distilled water
  • Ammonia solution
  • Copper sulfate solution of known concentration
Here, we will create our own calibration curve and use ammonia to form a colored complex.
  • First, prepare a dilution series of copper sulfate in the test tubes. You should create at least 3 (preferably more) different concentrations ranging from 0 to 500 mg/L.
  • Next, add ammonia drop by drop to the prepared dilutions until the color no longer changes.
  • Then, place the samples one by one into the colorimeter/photometer. For the Vernier colorimeter, set the wavelength to 610 nm (for other photometers/colorimeters, choose a wavelength in the range of 600 nm).
  • Create a calibration curve from the data. You can use a spreadsheet program to do this.
  • Using this calibration curve, you can then measure your sample from the malachite.

Info:

Copper(II) ions form a deep blue tetraammine copper(II) complex upon the addition of ammonia.